Lesson 1: How Marx Learned Foreign Languages
Karl Marx, the renowned philosopher and economist, was known for his proficiency in a range of foreign languages. His aptitude for languages could be attributed to his early education, which emphasized the study of classics and literature. Additionally, Marx's passion for understanding different cultures and societies drove him to master languages such as English, French, and Latin. Through dedicated study and immersion in diverse linguistic environments, Marx honed his language skills and broadened his understanding of the world. This laid a strong foundation for his future academic and intellectual pursuits.
Karl Marx, a native of Germany, had to leave his home country for political reasons when he was young. After residing in Belgium for a few years and then moving to France, he eventually settled in England in 1849, making London the center of his revolutionary activities.
Marx had received some education in French and English during his school years. However, upon his arrival in England, he realized that his proficiency in the English language was insufficient. As a result, he dedicated himself to diligently enhancing his English skills. His efforts paid off, and he progressed so rapidly that he soon commenced writing articles in English for an American newspaper.
Engels was so impressed by the high quality of his English in one of these articles that he wrote him a letter to commend him.
Marx responded to Engels' praise, expressing that it greatly encouraged him. However, he also mentioned that he had some uncertainty about two things: the grammar and certain idioms.
In the years following 1853, Marx continued to diligently study English and use it in his work. By the time he wrote one of his most significant works, The Civil War in France, he had become so proficient in the language that he was able to compose the entire book in English.
In the 1870s, at the age of fifty-something, Marx recognized the significance of understanding the situation in Russia and thus took it upon himself to learn the Russian language. Within six months, he had acquired enough proficiency to read articles and reports in Russian.
Marx once offered advice on language learning in one of his books. He suggested that learners not translate everything into their native language when studying a foreign language, as doing so indicates a lack of mastery. Instead, he advised using the foreign language without constantly referencing one's own. According to Marx, if individuals cannot achieve this, it means they have not truly grasped the essence of the foreign language and cannot use it fluently.
